EMBRYOGENESIS, LEUKOCYTIC PROFILE AND LIVER MORPHOLOGY OF PREGNANT RATES UNDER THE ACTION OF CITRIC ACID

  • U. I. Tesarivska State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medicinal Products and Feed Additives, 11, Donetska str., Lviv. 79019, Ukraine
  • G. І. Kocjumbas Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies named after S. Gzhytskyj, 50, Pekarska str., Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
Keywords: RATS, CITRIC ACID, EMBRYOGENESIS, LEUKOCYTE PROFILE, LIVER, HISTOLOGY.

Abstract

The article presents the results of studies on the effects of citric acid on the female’s body. The studies were performed on white laboratory rats of the Wistar line, which at the age of 3 - 3.5 months with a body weight of 192 - 210 g were divided into two groups of 4 individuals in each. The animals of the experimental group were fed by citric acid at a concentration of 80 mg/l of drinking water during the period physiological and puberty, fertilization and pregnancy. A control group of female rats was fed by water. The animals had free access to drinkers and food. Indicators of embryogenesis, leukocyte profile of blood and body weight of animals, weighting factor, histological changes of the liver were determined.

Female rats were found to have no abortions or premature births, however, the number of corpora lutea of pregnancy decreased by 19.2%, although there was no significant difference in control. The number of implantation sites per female was significantly lower by 28.8%. The mortality rate of embryos was 15.8%, which is 3.8 times higher than in intact animals. Regarding white blood cells, the analysis of the results indicates a tendency to increase the percentage of eosinophils in 2 times in the relation to the animals in the control group on the background of a probable increase in leukocytes by 42.4%.

The applied dose of citric acid caused certain changes in the macro- and microstructure of the liver. It is macroscopically established that under the influence of citric acid the organ is slightly enlarged, sluggish consistency and changed its color from light red to light brown. The relative weighting factors of the liver are probably higher in the relation to the control (52.12 ± 8.16 g/kg vs 43.38 ± 1.96 g/ kg).

The results of morphological studies indicate a partial violation of the lamellar structure of the organ in the centro-lobular region, which is due to turbid swelling of the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. In most cells, the contours are blurred, the cytoplasm is poorly stained, their nuclei are weakly basophilic, and hepatocytes with a lysed nucleus in a necrobiosis condition also occur. However, among dystrophic altered cells are clearly isolated hepatocytes with a uniformly colored basophilic cytoplasm, nucleus, rich in chromatin, which indicated the activation of reparative processes. Kupffer cells in this area are mostly round, located in the lumen of the sinusoid. Therefore, occurs a violation of lipoprotein complexes of cells and increase the permeability of cell membranes, which is reflected in the development of protein dystrophy with varying degrees of severity. Activation of reparative processes of hepatocytes is also determined.

References

Abdelli, N., Pérez, J. F., Vilarrasa, E., Cabeza Luna, I., Melo-Duran, D., D'Angelo, M., & Solà-Oriol, D. (2020). Targeted-Release Organic Acids and Essential Oils Improve Performance and Digestive Function in Broilers Under a Necrotic Enteritis Challenge. Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 10(2), 259. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10020259.

Anderson, T.S. (2010). Ensyme supplements in high bart laying ration with different protein levels. Feedstuffs.. 5. 56-78.

Cavallo, Ema, Charreau, Hernán, a CerruttiPatrici, Foresti María Laura (2017). Yarrowia lipolytica: a model yeast for citric acid production, FEMS Yeast Research, 17, Issue 8, December, fox084, doi:org/10.1093/femsyr/fox084.

Debi, M., Islam, K., Akbar, M., Ullha, B., & Das, S. (2010). Response of growing rabbits to different levels of dietary citric acid. Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science, 39(1-2), 125-133. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v39i1-2.9685.

European convention for the protection of vertebrate animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes. Council of European. Strasbourg, 1986. M. 123. 51.

Haque, Md Najmul, Islam, Khan Md, Akbar, Muktar, Chowdhury, Rakhi, Khatun, M., Karim, Mohammad & Kemppainen, Barbara. (2010). Effect of dietary citric acid, flavomycin and their combination on the performance, tibia ash and immune status of broiler. Can. J. Anim. Sci.. 90. 57-63. 10.4141/CJAS09048.

Heo, J.M., Opapeju, F.O., Pluske, J.R., Kim. J.C., Hampson. D.J., Nyachoti. C.M. (2013). Gastrointestinal health and function in weaned pigs: a review of feeding strategies to control post-weaning diarrhoea without using in-feed antimicrobial compounds. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl);97:207–237. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2012.01284.x.

Kim, Y.Y., Kil, D.Y., Oh, H.K. (2009). Acidifiers as alternative material to antibiotics in animal feed // Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2005. 18, 7. 1048–1060.

Korosov, A.V. & Gorbach, V.V. (2007). Kompyuternaya obrabotka biologicheskih dannyih. Petrozavodsk: izd-vo PetrGU. 76. [in Russian].

Lückstädt, C. (2009). Acidifiers in animal nutrition. A Guide for Feed Preservation and Acidification to Promote Animal Performance. Nottingham University Press. Nottingham. 89.

Matyushkina, M.V., Godovan, V.V., Mudryk, L.M. Grydina, T.L. (2014). Antymikrobni vlastyvosti novykh koordynacijnykh spoluk metaliv z lymonnoyu kyslotoyu [Elektronnyj resurs] Odeskyj medychnyj zhurnal. 4. 13-17. Rezhym dostupu: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Omj_2014_4_4 [in Ukrainian].

Nagoba, B.S., Wadher, B.J., Rao, A.K. et al. (2008). A simple and effective approach for the treatment of chronic wound infections caused by multiple antibiotic resistant. Escherichia coli. J. Hosp. Infect.; 69 (2): 77-80.

Nascimento, Md.S., de Mattos, B.O., Bussons, MRFM, de Oliveira, A.T., Liebl, ARdS, Carvalho, T.B. (2021). Supplementation of citric acid in plant protein‐based diets for juvenile tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum. J World Aquacult Soc.; 52: 231–243. https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.12735.

Petrina, 3.A. & Treschev, V.G. (2010). Effektivnost razlichnyih rezhimov kormleniya tsyiplyat-broylerov. Nauchnyie osnovyi tehnologii proizvostva broyelrov: sb. nauch. tr. VNITIP. Sergiev Posad. 124-131. [in Russian].

Ponochevna, O. V., Oxotnikova, O. M., Shupyka, P.L. (2018). Syndrom gipereozynofiliyi: suchasna sutnist, rozmayittya prychyn, skladnist diagnostyky i vyboru terapiyi. Klinichna imunologiya. Alergologiya. Infektologiya. 7 (112). 24-31. [in Ukrainian].

Stefanov, O.V. (2001). Doklinichni doslidzhennia likarskykh zasobiv (metodychni rekomendatsii). – Kyiv: Avitsena,. 528. [in Ukrainian].

Syme, M.R., Paxton, J.W., Keelan, J.A. (2004). Drug transfer and metabolism by the human placenta. Clin Pharmacokinet. 43(8). 487-514. doi: 10.2165/00003088-200443080-00001.

Tag-El-Din, N. (2020). 'Response of Weanling Rabbits to Diet Contained Citric Acid During Growing Period, Journal of Animal and Poultry Production, 11(3), 67-71. doi: 10.21608/jappmu.2020.87112.

Published
2021-03-29
How to Cite
Tesarivska, U. I., & KocjumbasG. І. (2021). EMBRYOGENESIS, LEUKOCYTIC PROFILE AND LIVER MORPHOLOGY OF PREGNANT RATES UNDER THE ACTION OF CITRIC ACID. Scientific and Technical Bulletin оf State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medical Products and Fodder Additives аnd Institute of Animal Biology, 22(1), 209-215. https://doi.org/10.36359/scivp.2021-22-1.25