Physiological and functional characteristics of an organism fattening calves for the impact of anthropogenic impact
Abstract
One of the topical problems for animal husbandry, in particular in areas of industrial pollution, is the development of scientific and practical bases for its management. The technological burden on the environment and contamination of agricultural lands by different xenobiotics is manifested by the immunodeficiency state of the organism of animals, and can also cause mutagenic, teratogenic, even embryotoxic effects. The main environmental factors are the main causes that significantly affect the functional state of the organism, the health of animals, and, accordingly, people. Particularly acute, this problem is felt in areas where industrial emissions are not controlled, mineral fertilizers, herbicides, pesticides, and means of stimulating the development of plants are introduced unsystematically. Studies have confirmed that in these areas, the content of heavy metals in soil, water, and, respectively, feeds used in livestock, which reduces their biological and nutritional value and contributes to the accumulation of toxic compounds in the body increases. Therefore, it is worth noting the need to improve, in the areas of anthropogenic impact, agricultural production in general, as well as systems for livestock farming and animal feeding in particular. A justifiable direction in this work would be to monitor xenobiotics, in particular heavy metals in the trophic chain: soil-plant-feed-animal-man.
The importance of obtaining such data is also due to the fact that with the change in the intensity of metabolic processes in the organism of productive animals in zones of anthropogenic impact it is possible to adjust the various processes of transformation of feed components and their transformation into products, the speed and direction of the course of enzymatic reactions, and, thus, to normalize individual levels of metabolism, which, accordingly, will increase the productive qualities of animals and obtain quality and safe products. The question of the consequences of anthropogenic stress on the physiological and functional state of an organism of animals requires the expansion of appropriate research and development of measures for preserving the ecological balance of the environment and the preservation of animal welfare.
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